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Reinforced concrete (RC) structures have been widely used in a variety of modern engineering applications. It is found from the earthquake reconnaissance that the RC 1D, 2D and 3D Elements in high-rise buildings, cable-stayed bridges, off-shore platforms and nuclear containments, are the key elements to resist earthquake disturbances. This research presents the development of a finite element analysis (FEA) program to predict the inelastic behavior of RC structures. In the program, 1D, 2D and 3D Elements, so-called CSMM-based elements, were developed based on the formulation of the mechanics theory and taking into account the Cyclic Softened Membrane Model (CSMM) developed at the University of Houston. An analysis procedure was developed to perform nonlinear analyses of RC structures using the developed CSMM-based 1D, 2D and 3D elements. To develop the FEA program, the developed elements and the proposed analysis procedure were implemented into a finite element program development framework, OpenSEES, which was developed at University of California, Berkeley. Several large-scale structural tests were used to validate the developed FEA program, including panels subjected to pure shear or combination of shear and bending, three-dimensional (3D) RC shear wall, irregular 2-story building, cylindrical RC tanks, circular and rectangular RC hollow bridge columns, and nuclear containment vessel. The test programs were undertaken as part of an international collaboration projects between the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taipei, Taiwan, and the University of Houston (UH), Houston, Texas. The experimental work was performed at NCREE, and the specimen design and study of the experimental results were performed at UH.
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